This literature review is base on the content validity of web based resources, as it relates to education learning, quality and listening. Websites should provide unbiased balanced information. They should give factual information and not be sensational. This balance includes providing both the professional and patient viewpoints. Information should be simply written, easy to understand, with no medical terminology. Listening has long been recognized as an essential part of communication and an important trigger of language acquisition
Major terms:
Validity- Validity refers to whether a measurement tool measures what it claims to measure.
Reliability- Reliability refers to how consistent a tool is at measuring a particular phenomenon.
Web based- teaching and learning (Education)
There several factors that should be taken into consideration when it comes onto web based teaching and learning:Instrumentality of the Web in different academic areas: This factor identifies the instrumentality of the Web as an essential component of the learning process. This factor signifies the role of the Web in achieving a hybrid and more collaborative learning environment. Web-based technologies can facilitate this shift by servicing a wide range of learning activities for various learning purposes (Squires & McDougall, 1994; Wilss, 1997) ..
This factor emphasizes the significance of the Web as a social enhancement platform. Students’ social interactions in learning is seen as one of the main characteristics of constructivist theories that can be applied to web-based learning (Leflore, 2000; Piccoli, Ahmad, & Ives, 2001) .
Factor 3: This factor focuses on the end-users’ In large education institutions like universities, web-based learning systems serve to support teaching across all courses, as well as to create independent asynchronous courses which allow students to study towards degrees off-campus (De Moor, 2007) .
Factor 4: This factor highlights the role of the Web as a tool in developing students’ learning skills and facilitating their learning practices. This factor aims at shifting the focus of attention to students, who are considered to be central in the web-based learning practice, rather than passive information receivers (Myhill, Le, & Le, 1999; Squires & McDougall, 1994) .
Factor 5: This factor focuses on the significance of the Web as a teaching and learning resource. As addressed by Biggs (2003) , universities and educational institutions are concerned with educational technology which has potential in helping educators to achieve their educational goals in terms of managing learning, engaging students and in enabling off-campus learning.
Quality
When evaluating the content validity of a website it is imperative that surveys are done so as to ascertain the reliability of the content of the website. Many have assessed the quality of health information on the Web, and found that most websites, even those produced by health professionals and organizations, contain incorrect information. Judging the quality of information is very difficult and complex, Kim, P., Eng, T. R.(1999). This is not a new problem; use of traditional information sources also entails quality judgments. Judging the usefulness or quality of a website is very personal. Individual users are looking for information that suits them. Web based listening
With modem trend toward internet use and mass entertainment, web based listening test is being implemented in the content validity of our schools tests as simple and flexible as possible to use. While there is a growing body of research into the nature of listening tests, the construct validity of academic listening comprehension tap into and how test takers perform differently across
response types (Bachman, L. F. (2005). Web based listening tests measures the construct of listening comprehension as well as the increasing use of multimedia technology in language assessments.
Conclusion
We strongly believe that web based content validity and reliability is very important. This is due to the fact the web is used for educational purpose. Therefore the information published should be up to date, reliable and effective.Reference
Bachman, L. F. (2005). Building and supporting a case for test use. Language Assessment
Quarterly, 2(1), 1–34.
Childs. S.( 2004) Developing health website quality assessment for the voluntary sector Retrieved on the 31 from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/results?sid=8dbb9bbb-bd4c-4486-ba93-ed0f3faa8e21%40sessionmgr10&vid=4&hid=10&bquery=(content+validity+&=quot%3bo
Kim, P., Eng, T. R., Deering, M. J. & Maxfield, A. Published criteria for evaluating health related web sites: a review. BMJ 1999, 318, 647 – 9.
Rubin, J. (1994). A review of second language listening comprehension research. Modern
Language Journal, 78(2),199–221.
Si Fan .(2011) Developing a Valid and Reliable Instrument to Evaluate Users’ Perception retrieved on November 30, 2011 from http://jolt.merlot.org/vol7no3/fan_0911.htm
